İngilizce Paragraf Yazım Kuralları

Adım adım ingilizce bir paragraf nasıl yazılır? Topic Sentence nedir? Controling idea nedir? Supporting sentence ve concluding sentence örnekleri.

Organizing a strong paragraph. Step by step writing a paragraph. What is the topic sentence in a paragraph? Writing supporting details and concluding sentences.

What is a paragraph?

A paragraph is a group of sentences that are intentionally related and focus on a single topic to develop an idea. There are different kinds of paragraphs such as narrative paragraphs, descriptive paragraphs, expository paragraphs, and persuasive paragraphs.

PARAGRAPH STRUCTURE
You can see this three-part structure in most paragraphs.

Introduction: the first section of a paragraph; should include the topic sentence and any other sentences at the beginning of the paragraph that give background information or provide a transition.

Body: follows the introduction; discusses the controlling idea, using facts, arguments, analysis, examples, and other information.

Conclusion: the final section; summarizes the connections between the information discussed in the body of the paragraph and the paragraph’s controlling idea.

We should learn about these steps before organizing a paragraph
1. Topic sentence: Statement of the main idea.
2. Supporting sentences: Elaboration of the main idea and supporting details.
3. Concluding sentence: Restatement of the main idea.

What is a Topic Sentence?

A topic sentence is a sentence that gives the main idea of the paragraph by presenting the topic and the controlling idea. That is the most important sentence in the paragraph as it makes the main idea open to debate.

Every topic sentence has two parts:

1. A topic (what the paragraph is about)
2. A controlling idea (the direction the paragraph will take).

While the topic tells your reader what the paragraph will be about, the controlling idea tells them how you will connect them in the body of the paragraph.

Take a look at these topic sentence examples to examine the topic and controlling ideas

• Horses and humans have always shared a special bond since ancient times.

Topic: Horses and humans

Controlling idea: Special bond.

• Human and natural factors both influence the Earth’s climate.

Topic: Earth’s climate

Controlling idea: Human and natural factors.

Topic sentence ve controlling idea kavramlarını şu şekilde de özetleyebiliriz. Diyelim ki cep telefonları hakkında bir paragraf yazmanız gerekli. Ancak cep telefonu kendi başına oldukça geniş bir kapsama sahiptir. Yazacağımız yazı cep telefonlarının fiyatları hakkında mı olacak, özellikleri hakkında mı, gözlerimize etkileri ve sağlık sorunları hakkında mı ya da iletişimi ne kadar kolay bir hale getirdikleri hakkında mı olacak… vs uzatabiliriz. Gördüğünüz gibi burada bir çok alt başlık açılabilmektedir. İşte controling idea dediğimiz şey tam da burada devreye giriyor.  Örneği inceleyelim;

• Cep telefonu fiyatları bu ay sonunda yükselecek.

Bu örnekte gördüğünüz gibi topic sentence bize paragrafımızda cep telefonu (topic) başlığını, fiyat (controling idea) değişimleri açısından ele alacağımızı gösteriyor. Bu topic sentence okunduktan sonra okuyucu paragrafta cep telefonu fiyatlarının nasıl ve neden artacağını (suppoorting sentence) örneklerle görecektir.

Topic sentences should:

• consist of one single topic,
• be located at the beginning of the paragraph, usually in the first sentence,
• not be vague, rambling, too narrow, or too broad

What are the supporting sentences?

The sentences that come after the topic sentence are called supporting sentences. Supporting sentences give details, reasons, and examples about the main idea in the paragraph. They make up the body of a paragraph.

In your supporting sentences, you may need some linking / transitional words and sequence adverbs to organize the structure of the body.

Here are some linking words:

Adding	Furthermore, in addition, likewise
Examples	As follows, For example, in other words, in particular, especially, including, such as, in particular
Compare	by contrasts, although, despite, however, compared with

Here are some sequence adverbs:

First	First of all	Second (ly)
Then	After that	Last
Finally	Eventually	In the end

To see more details for sequence words visit our sequence of adverbs page, please.

What is a concluding sentence?

A concluding sentence indicates that you are coming to the end of the paragraph. That is also the last sentence in a paragraph used to summarize the main idea of the paragraph. To conclude your paragraph, you can use the concluding sentence starters. Some of them are given below:

In other words	In short	Therefore
To sum up	As a result	Finally
In summary	On the whole	For this reason
In general	In conclusion	Thus
Lastly	Overall	In light of …