Theme 2: Friendship

Unit Vocabulary

Positive Character Traits

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
ambitious	adj.	/æmˈbɪʃəs/	hırslı, azimli	She is very ambitious and wants to become a doctor.
calm	adj.	/kɑːm/	sakin	He stays calm even in stressful situations.
charismatic	adj.	/ˌkærɪzˈmætɪk/	karizmatik	She is a charismatic leader who inspires everyone.
confident	adj.	/ˈkɒnfɪdənt/	özgüvenli	A confident person believes in their abilities.
cooperative	adj.	/kəʊˈɒpərətɪv/	işbirlikçi, uyumlu	A cooperative friend makes teamwork easier.
dependable	adj.	/dɪˈpendəbəl/	güvenilir	She is dependable; you can always count on her.
determined	adj.	/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/	kararlı, azimli	He is determined to succeed no matter what.
easygoing	adj.	/ˌiːziˈɡəʊɪŋ/	uyumlu, rahat	My best friend is very easygoing and relaxed.
faithful	adj.	/ˈfeɪθfʊl/	sadık, vefalı	A faithful friend will never betray your trust.
flexible	adj.	/ˈfleksɪbəl/	esnek	She is flexible and adapts to new situations easily.
generous	adj.	/ˈdʒenərəs/	cömert	He is very generous and always shares with others.
helpful	adj.	/ˈhelpfʊl/	yardımsever	She is always helpful when someone needs advice.
honest	adj.	/ˈɒnɪst/	dürüst	An honest person always tells the truth.
humorous	adj.	/ˈhjuːmərəs/	esprili, komik	He is very humorous and makes everyone laugh.
kind	adj.	/kaɪnd/	nazik, kibar	She is kind to everyone she meets.
lively	adj.	/ˈlaɪvli/	canlı, hayat dolu	She has a lively personality that brightens any room.
loyal	adj.	/ˈlɔɪəl/	sadık	A loyal friend stands by you in difficult times.
modest	adj.	/ˈmɒdɪst/	alçakgönüllü	Despite his success, he remains modest.
noble	adj.	/ˈnəʊbəl/	asil, soylu	Helping others is a noble act.
organized	adj.	/ˈɔːɡənaɪzd/	düzenli, organize	She is very organized and plans everything ahead.
outgoing	adj.	/ˈaʊtɡəʊɪŋ/	dışa dönük, sosyal	He is outgoing and loves meeting new people.
patient	adj.	/ˈpeɪʃənt/	sabırlı	A good teacher must be very patient.
reliable	adj.	/rɪˈlaɪəbəl/	güvenilir	She is reliable; she always keeps her promises.
sincere	adj.	/sɪnˈsɪər/	samimi, içten	His apology was sincere and heartfelt.
supportive	adj.	/səˈpɔːtɪv/	destekleyici	She is always supportive of her friends’ decisions.
wise	adj.	/waɪz/	bilge, akıllı	A wise person learns from their mistakes.

Describing People & Other Traits

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
appearance	n.	/əˈpɪərəns/	görünüş	Don’t judge people by their appearance.
comfortable	adj.	/ˈkʌmftəbəl/	rahat	I feel comfortable around my close friends.
competitive	adj.	/kəmˈpetɪtɪv/	rekabetçi	He is very competitive and always wants to win.
crinkle	n.	/ˈkrɪŋkəl/	kırışık	He has crinkles around his eyes when he smiles.
describe	v.	/dɪˈskraɪb/	tarif etmek	Can you describe your best friend?
dominant	adj.	/ˈdɒmɪnənt/	baskın	He has a dominant personality in the group.
exhausted	adj.	/ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/	bitkin, tükenmiş	She felt exhausted after the long exam.
feature	n.	/ˈfiːtʃər/	özellik	Her best feature is her beautiful smile.
firm	adj.	/fɜːm/	sıkı, kararlı	He gave me a firm handshake.
impression	n.	/ɪmˈpreʃən/	izlenim	She made a great first impression on everyone.
neat	adj.	/niːt/	düzenli, tertipli	She always looks neat and well-dressed.
nervous	adj.	/ˈnɜːvəs/	gergin, sinirli	He gets nervous before speaking in public.
ordinary	adj.	/ˈɔːdɪnəri/	sıradan	She looks ordinary but has an extraordinary personality.
powerful	adj.	/ˈpaʊəfʊl/	güçlü	Friendship is a powerful bond between people.
punctual	adj.	/ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/	dakik	She is very punctual and never arrives late.
respectful	adj.	/rɪˈspektfʊl/	saygılı	He is always respectful towards his elders.
selfish	adj.	/ˈselfɪʃ/	bencil	A selfish person only thinks about themselves.
sensible	adj.	/ˈsensɪbəl/	mantıklı, aklıbaşında	She is a sensible person who makes good decisions.
sentimental	adj.	/ˌsentɪˈmentəl/	duygusal	She is very sentimental about old photographs.
serious	adj.	/ˈsɪəriəs/	ciddi	He is a serious student who studies hard.
shy	adj.	/ʃaɪ/	utangaç	She is too shy to speak in front of the class.
stubborn	adj.	/ˈstʌbərn/	inatçı	He is so stubborn that he never changes his mind.
talkative	adj.	/ˈtɔːkətɪv/	konuşkan	She is very talkative and loves chatting.
tall	adj.	/tɔːl/	uzun (boylu)	He is tall with short dark hair.
thoughtful	adj.	/ˈθɔːtfʊl/	düşünceli	She is thoughtful and always remembers birthdays.
tolerant	adj.	/ˈtɒlərənt/	hoşgörülü	Being tolerant is essential for a good friendship.

Friendship & Values

Word	Type	Pronunciation	Meaning	Example
benefit	n.	/ˈbenɪfɪt/	fayda, yarar	One benefit of friendship is emotional support.
buddy	n.	/ˈbʌdi/	arkadaş, kanka	He has been my buddy since primary school.
carefully	adv.	/ˈkeəfʊli/	dikkatli bir şekilde	Choose your friends carefully.
colleague	n.	/ˈkɒliːɡ/	meslektaş	My colleague is also my close friend.
courage	n.	/ˈkʌrɪdʒ/	cesaret	It takes courage to be honest with a friend.
difference	n.	/ˈdɪfərəns/	fark, farklılık	True friends accept each other despite their differences.
hesitate	v.	/ˈhezɪteɪt/	tereddüt etmek	Don’t hesitate to ask for help from your friends.
honor	n.	/ˈɒnər/	onur, şeref	It was an honor to be chosen as her best friend.
lie	v.	/laɪ/	yalan söylemek	True friends never lie to each other.
lucky	adj.	/ˈlʌki/	şanslı	I feel lucky to have such wonderful friends.
politeness	n.	/pəˈlaɪtnəs/	nezaket, kibarlık	Politeness is important in all relationships.
pretend	v.	/prɪˈtend/	numara yapmak	Real friends don’t pretend to be someone they’re not.
quality	n.	/ˈkwɒlɪti/	nitelik, özellik	Honesty is the most important quality in a friend.
really	adv.	/ˈrɪəli/	gerçekten	She is really a great friend.
remain	v.	/rɪˈmeɪn/	kalmak	They have remained friends for over twenty years.
rivalry	n.	/ˈraɪvəlri/	rekabet, çekişme	Healthy rivalry can actually strengthen a friendship.
share	v.	/ʃeər/	paylaşmak	Good friends share both happy and sad moments.
similarity	n.	/ˌsɪmɪˈlærɪti/	benzerlik	There is a strong similarity between their personalities.
soulmate	n.	/ˈsəʊlmeɪt/	ruh ikizi, can dostu	She calls her best friend her soulmate.
together	adv.	/təˈɡeðər/	birlikte	They have been together through thick and thin.
trust	v.	/trʌst/	güvenmek	You can always trust a true friend.
understanding	n.	/ˌʌndəˈstændɪŋ/	anlayış	Understanding is the foundation of every friendship.
vital	adj.	/ˈvaɪtəl/	hayati, çok önemli	Trust is vital for a long-lasting friendship.

Grammar

Adjectives — Describing Personality & Appearance

Using Adjectives to Describe People

Subject + be + adjective

Category	Adjectives	Example
Positive	loyal, honest, generous, kind	She is loyal and always stands by her friends.
Negative	selfish, stubborn, dominant, shy	He can be stubborn when he disagrees.
Appearance	tall, neat, firm, ordinary	She is tall with long dark hair.

too + adjective / adjective + enough

too + adj + to V | adj + enough + to V

Structure	Example
too + adj + to V	She is too shy to speak in front of the class.
adj + enough + to V	He is confident enough to give a speech.
not + adj + enough	She is not patient enough to wait in long queues.

Q: How would you describe your best friend?

A: She is loyal, generous and very supportive.

Q: What makes a good friend?

A: A good friend should be honest, reliable and understanding.

Tip: Order of adjectives

Opinion Size Age Shape Colour Origin

Sıfat sırası: Görüş Boyut Yaş Biçim Renk Köken

She has beautiful long dark hair. (opinion + size + colour)

Stating Reasons & Making Conclusions

Stating Reasons (Why?)

because / since / as + clause | because of / due to + noun

Connector	Example
because	I trust her because she is honest.
since	Since he is reliable, everyone depends on him.
as	As she is kind, she has many friends.
because of + noun	I admire him because of his courage.
due to + noun	Due to his generous nature, he is loved by everyone.

Making Conclusions (Result)

Clause + therefore / so / as a result / consequently

Connector	Example
therefore	She is very supportive; therefore, everyone loves her.
so	He is honest and kind, so he has many friends.
as a result	She never lies; as a result, people trust her.
consequently	He is selfish; consequently, he has few friends.